PEMAHAMAN DAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN CORONAVIRUS DESEASE 2019 DI KALANGAN CIVITAS AKADEMIKA POLITEKNIK NEGERI NUSA UTARA PADA MASA NEW NORMAL TAHUN 2020

UNDERSTANDING AND PRATICE OF NUSA UTARA STATE POLITECHNIC PEOPLE ABOUT CORONAVIRUS DESEASE 2019 IN NEW NORMAL ERA 2020

Abstract

Dalam rangka mencegah terjadinya penularan COVID-19 dan berjalannya roda perekonomian di Indonesia, pemerintah saat ini memberlakukan kebijakan new normal. Sehingga penekanan tingkat penularan sangat bergantung kepada pemahaman dan praktik pencegahan masyarakat terkait COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui informasi tentang pemahaman dan perilaku civitas akademika (dosen, mahasiswa, dan tenaga kependidikan) Politeknik Negeri Nusa Utara terkait COVID-19 dan pencegahannya. Desain penelitian berupa cross-sectional dengan waktu pengambilan sampel 17-30 September 2020 secara online. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi adalah civitas akademika Politeknik Negeri Nusa Utara, usia lebih dari sama dengan 16 tahun, dan bersedia menjadi partisipan. Partisipan yang bekerja di bidang kesehatan sebagai kriteria eksklusi. Seluruh partisipan diminta kesediannya dengan memberikan inform consent kemudian jika bersedia akan mengisi kuesioner secara online. Kuesioner disusun berdasarkan informasi yang tersedia dalam buku pedoman kementrian kesehatan tentang COVID-19 dan merupakan modifikasi dari kuesioner penelitan sebelumnya. Pertanyaan pada kuesioner berupa pertanyaan terbuka, tertutup, dan berskala. Pertanyaan bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemahaman tentang virology, gejala, faktor risiko, pencegahan, dan penanganan gejala. Setiap jawaban benar diberikan nilai 10 pada pemahaman. Partisipan yang memiliki skor lebih dari 60 dikategorikan berpemahaman baik. Pada skala perilaku, skor 40-50 masuk kategori good practice dan kurang dari 40 sebagai kategori poor practice. Dari 127 responden terdapat 34,6 persen memiliki pemahaman yang baik dan 65,4 persen memiliki pemahaman yang kurang terkait COVID-19. Sementara untuk praktik pencegahan COVID-19, 93,7 persen berperilaku baik dan 6,3 persen berperilaku kurang. Kesimpulannya adalah Mayoritas responden memiliki pemahaman yang kurang tentang penyebab, gejala, dan pencegahan COVID-19 khususnya mencuci tangan dengan sabun. Terdapat perbedaan proporsi tingkat pemahaman berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan (pkurang dari 0.05).

To prevent the spread of COVID-19 and the economy in Indonesia has to run, the government is currently implementing a new normal policy. So that the emphasis on the level of transmission really depends on the understanding and practices of the community related to COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to find out information about the knowledge and practice of Nusa Utara State Polytechnic people about COVID-19 and it is prevention. Cross-sectional design was chosen as the research design with online sampling time on 17-30 September 2020. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with inclusion criteria were people who live in Sate Polytechnic of Nusa Utara with the age more than the same as 16 years old. All participants were asked to provide the informed consent, which if they agreed they would fill out online questionnaires. The questionnaire was compiled based on information available in the Ministry of Health’s guidebook on COVID-19 and it was the modification of the previous research questionnaire. The questions on the questionnaire were open, close, and scaled questions. Questions aimed to evaluate the knowledge about virology, symptoms, risk factors, preventions, and management of symptoms. Each correct answer was assigned a score of 10 on knowledge. Participants who had a score of more than 60 were categorized as the ones who had good knowledge. In practice scale, core of 40 – 50 falls in the good practice category and score less than 40 fall in the category of poor practice. The research design was cross-sectional with online data-based from 17-28 September 2020. There were 127 respondents, 34.6 percent had a good knowledge and 65.4 percent had a poor knowledge of COVID-19. Meanwhile, for the practice of preventing COVID-19, 93.7 percent had good behavior and 6.3 percent had poor behavior. The conclusion is the majority of respondents had insufficient knowledge about causative factor, symptoms and prevention of COVID-19 such as handwashing. There were difference in the proportion of knowledge levels based on education level (p less than 0.05).